Giải SBT Toán 7 trang 15 Tập 1 Chân trời sáng tạo

Giải SBT Toán 7 trang 15 Tập 1 Chân trời sáng tạo

Bài 3 trang 15Sách bài tập Toán 7 Tập 1: Tính:

a) ${\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^3.{\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^2$;

b) (0,15)⁷ : (0,15)⁵;

c) ${\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}:{\left(\frac{27}{125}\right)}^5$;

d) ${\left(\frac{1}{7}\right)}^4.\frac{1}{7}.{49}^3$.

Lời giải:

a) ${\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^3.{\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^2={\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^{3+2}={\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^5$

$=\frac{{(-2)}^5}{3^5}=\frac{-32}{243}$;

b) (0,15)⁷ : (0,15)⁵ = (0,15)^{7 – 5}

= (0,15)² = 0,0225;

c) ${\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}:{\left(\frac{27}{125}\right)}^5={\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}:{\left.{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^3\right]}^5$

$={\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}:{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{3.5}={\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}:{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)}^{15}=1$;

d) ${\left(\frac{1}{7}\right)}^4.\frac{1}{7}.{49}^3={\left(\frac{1}{7}\right)}^4.\frac{1}{7}.{\left(7^2\right)}^3$

$={\left(\frac{1}{7}\right)}^5.7^6=\frac{1}{7^5}.7^6=7$.

Bài 4 trang 15Sách bài tập Toán 7 Tập 1: Tìm x, biết:

a) $x:{\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)}^3=\frac{-1}{3}$;

b) $x.{\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^5={\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^7$;

c) ${\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^{12}:x={\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^9$;

d) ${\left(x+\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2=\frac{1}{25}$.

Lời giải:

a) $x:{\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)}^3=\frac{-1}{3}$

$x=\frac{-1}{3}.{\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)}^3$

$x={\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)}^4$

$x=\frac{1}{81}$.

Vậy $x=\frac{1}{81}$.

b) $x.{\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^5={\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^7$

$x={\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^7:{\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^5$

$x={\left(\frac{-3}{7}\right)}^2$

$x=\frac{9}{49}$.

Vậy $x=\frac{9}{49}$.

c) ${\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^{12}:x={\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^9$

$x={\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^{12}:{\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^9$

$x={\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)}^3$

$x=\frac{-8}{27}$.

Vậy $x=\frac{-8}{27}$.

d) ${\left(x+\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2=\frac{1}{25}$.

Trường hợp 1: $x+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{5}$

$x=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{3}$

$x=\frac{3}{15}-\frac{5}{15}$

$x=\frac{-2}{15}$.

Trường hợp 2: $x+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{-1}{5}$

$x=\frac{-1}{5}-\frac{1}{3}$

$x=\frac{-3}{15}-\frac{5}{15}$

$x=\frac{-8}{15}$.

Vậy $x=\left.\frac{-2}{15};\frac{-8}{15}\right\}$.

Bài 5 trang 15Sách bài tập Toán 7 Tập 1: Tính:

a) $\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^6.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^5\right]:{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^9$;

b) $\left.{\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)}^8:{\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)}^7\right]:\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)$;

c) $\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^9.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^4\right]:\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^7.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^3\right]$.

Lời giải:

a) $\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^6.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^5\right]:{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^9$

$={\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^{11}:{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^9$

$={\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^2=\frac{4}{25}$;

b) $\left.{\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)}^8:{\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)}^7\right].\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)$

$=\frac{3}{7}.\frac{3}{7}=\frac{9}{49}$;

c) $\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^9.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^4\right]:\left.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^7.{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^3\right]$

$={\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^{13}:{\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^{10}={\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)}^3=\frac{8}{125}$.

Bài 6 trang 15Sách bài tập Toán 7 Tập 1: Tính:

a) ${\left(\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2$;

b) ${\left(1\frac{1}{2}-1,25\right)}^3$;

c) ${\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2:{\left(1\frac{1}{2}\right)}^2$;

d) $2:{\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^3$.

Lời giải:

a) ${\left(\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2={\left(\frac{6}{15}-\frac{5}{15}\right)}^2$

$={\left(\frac{1}{15}\right)}^2=\frac{1}{225}$;

b) ${\left(1\frac{1}{2}-1,25\right)}^3={\left(\frac{3}{2}-\frac{5}{4}\right)}^3$

$={\left(\frac{3}{2}-\frac{5}{4}\right)}^3={\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)}^3=\frac{1}{64}$;

c) ${\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}\right)}^2:{\left(1\frac{1}{2}\right)}^2={\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)}^2:{\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)}^2$

$=\frac{5^2}{6^2}:\frac{3^2}{2^2}=\frac{5^2}{6^2}.\frac{2^2}{3^2}$

$=\frac{5^2{.2}^2}{2^2{.3}^2{.3}^2}=\frac{5^2}{3^4}=\frac{25}{81}$;

d) $2:{\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2}{3}\right)}^3=2:{\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)}^3$

$=2:{\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)}^3=2:\left(\frac{-1}{6^3}\right)$.

= (−2) . 216 = −432.

Bài 7 trang 15Sách bài tập Toán 7 Tập 1: Tính giá trị các biểu thức.

a) $\frac{9^3.2^{10}}{{16}^2.{81}^2}$;

b) $\frac{{(-3)}^7.{(-3)}^8}{7.9^7}$;

c) $\frac{{(0,3)}^6.{(0,04)}^3}{{(0,09)}^4.{(0,2)}^4}$;

d) $\frac{2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6}{{15}^2}$.

Lời giải:

a) $\frac{9^3.2^{10}}{{16}^2.{81}^2}=\frac{9^3.2^{10}}{{\left(2^4\right)}^2.{\left(9^2\right)}^2}$

$=\frac{9^3.2^{10}}{2^8.9^4}=\frac{2^2}{9}=\frac{4}{9}$;

b) $\frac{{(-3)}^7.{(-3)}^8}{7.9^7}=\frac{{(-3)}^{15}}{7.{\left.{\left(-3\right)}^2\right]}^7}$

$=\frac{{(-3)}^{15}}{7.{\left(-3\right)}^{14}}=\frac{-3}{7}$;

c) $\frac{{(0,3)}^6.{(0,04)}^3}{{(0,09)}^4.{(0,2)}^4}=\frac{{(0,3)}^6.{\left.{(0,2)}^2\right]}^3}{{\left.{(0,3)}^2\right]}^4.{(0,2)}^4}$

$=\frac{{(0,3)}^6.{(0,2)}^6}{{(0,3)}^8.{(0,2)}^4}=\frac{{(0,2)}^2}{{(0,3)}^2}$

$={\left(\frac{0,2}{0,3}\right)}^2={\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}^2=\frac{4}{9}$;

d) $\frac{2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6}{{15}^2}$$=\frac{8+16+32+64}{{15}^2}$

$=\frac{120}{225}=\frac{8}{15}$.