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150 Bài tập Tiếng Anh 11 Unit 5 (Global success): Global warming có lời giải
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Bài tập Unit 5: Global warming
LÝ THUYẾT VỀ HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ VÀ QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ
1. Phân từ
Phân từ (Participle) - hay còn gọi là phân động từ là từ do động từ tạo ra và có đặc điểm như một tính từ
Các loại phân từ:
A. PHÂN TỪ HIỆN TẠI
Phân từ hiện tại hay còn gọi là hiện tại phân từ được tạo ra bằng cách thêm đuôi –ing vào phía sau động từ nguyên mẫu.
Ví dụ: write ⇒ writing
Cách dùng:
- Đi sau động từ “tobe” để tạo thành thì hiện tại tiếp diễn:
Ví dụ: She is listening to radio. (Cô ấy đang nghe đài).
- Sử dụng như một tính từ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ:
Ví dụ: She told me an amusing story. (Cô ấy đã kể cho tôi nghe một câu chuyện vui)
- Thay thế, rút gọn mệnh đề:
+ Khi hai hành động có cùng chủ ngữ, xảy ra đồng thời hoặc hành động thứ 2 là một phần hoặc kết quả của hành động thứ nhất, ta có thể rút gọn như sau:
Ví dụ: Before I left, I sent an email for her. ⇒ Before leaving, I sent an email for her.
+ Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
Ví dụ: Because I fail the exam, I don’t want to come back home.
⇒ Failing the exam, I don’t want to come back home.
+ Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ:
Ví dụ: The boy who stands opposite us is a millionaire.
⇒ The boy standing opposite us is a millionaire.
- Sử dụng sau các động từ chỉ giác quan: smell, hear, taste, feel,…
Ví dụ: I feel uncomfortable seeing him. (Tôi cảm thấy khó chịu khi thấy anh ta)
- Sử dụng sau các động từ: catch (bắt gặp), find (thấy, bắt gặp), leave (để cho ai làm gì) với cấu trúc: Catch/find/leave + O + V.ing
Ví dụ: I find him dating with her. (Tôi bắt gặp anh ta đang hẹn hò với cô ấy)
- Sử dụng sau các động từ: go, spend, waste, be busy, come.
+ Go + Ving: nói đến các hoạt động
Ví dụ: go shopping (đi mua sắm), go fishing (câu cá),…
+ Spend/waste + time/money + V.ing: dành/tiêu tốn thời gian/tiền bạc làm gì
Ví dụ: I spent 10 dollars buying this shoes. (Tôi đã dành 10 đô la để mua đôi giày này).
+ Be busy + V.ing: bận rộn làm việc gì
Ví dụ: Jane is busy clean her house. (Jane đang bận dọn nhà).
- Sử dụng sau các liên từ: when, if, although, while, once
Ví dụ: Once working at the office, you don’t have to go out during office hours.
B. PHÂN TỪ QUÁ KHỨ
Phân từ quá khứ hay còn gọi là quá khứ phân từ được tạo ra bằng cách thêm đuôi –ed vào cuối động từ nguyên mẫu.
Ví dụ: watch ⇒ watched
Cách dùng:
- Đứng sau “tobe” để thành dạng bị động:
Ví dụ: The book was bought last week. (Quyển sách đã được mua vào tuần trước).
- Đứng sau have/had để tạo thành thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành:
Ví dụ: I have studied English for 10 years. (Tôi học tiếng Anh đã được 10 năm).
- Sử dụng như một tính từ để chỉ cảm xúc của một người đối với sự vật, sự việc.
Ví dụ: I was surprised about the party. (Tôi đã ngạc nhiên về buổi tiệc này).
- Sử dụng như một tính từ hoặc trạng từ có nghĩa tương đương như bị động.
Ví dụ: The police find the stolen car. (Cảnh sát đang tìm cái xe bị mất).
- Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động.
Ví dụ: Half of the people who were invited to the party left. ⇒ Half of the people invited to the party left. (Một nửa khách được mời đã về)
- Sử dụng trong các câu cầu khiến bị động:
Ví dụ: She gets the house repaired. (Cô ấy sai người sửa lại nhà)
C. PHÂN TỪ HOÀN THÀNH
Phân từ hoàn thành được tạo ra bằng cách kết hợp “having” và quá khứ phân từ.
Phân từ hoàn thành có chức năng là nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra trước trong 2 hành động.
Ví dụ: After she had bought a new book, she came back home.
⇒ Having bought a new book, she came back home. (Sau khi mua quyển sách mới, cô ấy trở về nhà).
EXERICSE
Task 1. Choose the correct word
1. Are you interesting/interested in football?
2. The football match was very exciting/excited. I enjoyed it.
3. It's sometimes embarrassing/embarrassed when you have to ask people for money.
4. Do you easily get embarrassing/embarrassed?
5 I had never expected to get the job. I was really amazing/amazed when I was offered ot.
6. She has really learnt very fast. She has made astonishing/astonished progress.
7. I didn't find the situation funny. I was not amusing/amused.
8. It was a really terrifying/terrified experience. Afterwards everybody was very shocking/shocked.
9. Why do you always look so boring/bored? Is your life really so boring/bored?
10. He's one of the most boring/bored people I've ever met. He never stops talking and he never says anything interesting/interested.
Task 2. Complete each sentence using a word from the box
|
amusing/amused |
annoying/annoyed |
boring/bored |
|
confusing/confused |
disgusting/disgusted |
exciting/excited |
|
exhausting/exhausted |
interesting/interested |
surprising/surprised |
1. He works very hard. It's not ___________ that he's always tired.
2. I've got nothing to do. I'm ___________
3. The teacher's explanation was ___________. Most of the students didn't understand it.
4. The kitchen hadn't been cleaned for ages. It was really ___________.
5. I seldom visit are galleries. I'm not particularly ___________ in art.
6. There's no need to get ___________ just because I'm a few minutes late.
7. The lecture was ___________ I fell asleep.
8. I've been working very hard all day and now I'm ___________.
9. I'm starting a new job next week. I'm very ___________ about it.
10. Steve is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very ___________
EXTRA PRACTICE
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. famine B. absorb C. admit D. global
2. A. capture B. transport C. atmosphere D. carbon
3. A. admit B. emit C. climate D. injure
4. A. infectious B. emission C. measure D. shortage
5. A. reduces B. diseases C. changes D. captures
6. A. geniusB. gorillaC. globalD. gases
7. A. pollutionB. poachingC. physicalD. pesticide
8. A. increase B. releaseC. please D. grease
9. A. campaign B. horn C. rhino D. extinct
10. A. nesting B. shellfish C. reserve D. elephant
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. threatenB. conjure C. impactD. absorb
2. A. balance B. capture C. release D. harvest
3. A. infectious B. numerous C. supportive D. polluted
4. A. atmospheric B. renewableC. residentialD. catastrophic
5. A. disruption B. pollutantC. emissionD. atmosphere
6. A. campaignB. balanceC. methaneD. carbon
7. A. naturalB. endangeredC. dangerousD. primary
8. A. rainforestB. obstacleC. pollutantD. animal
9. A. pollutionB. survivalC. extinctionD. habitat
10. A. conservationB. environmentC. diversityD. ecology
Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Mr Brown claimed that he shot a group of men because they were poaching on his land.
A. conserveing B. protectingC. capturing D. hunting
2. The wonderful diversity of our region's wildlife is now coming under threat
A. variety B. direction C. sacrificeD. friendliness
3. The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
A. protest B. protection C. production D. induction
4. Older people are especially vulnerable to cold temperatures even inside their homes
A. well-protected B. immune C. susceptible D. shielded
5. Some people predict the extinction of family life as we know it today.
A. reservation B. protection C. threat D. disappearance
6. Monarch butterflies are now an endangered species idue to declining numbers.
A. resistant B. dangerous C. threatened D. preserved
7. Many investment management companies have evolved from small entrepreneurial organizations.
A. resolved B. involved C. revolted D. developed
8. Secondly, the wildlife has to compete with the surrounding agriculture for the habitat.
A. place of cooking B. place of traveling
C. place of living D. place of working
9. It's very rare to find someone who combines such qualities.
A. in small numbers B. real
C. authetic D. fake
10. He looks after the land as a private reserve for wildlife habitat, running marsupials and their predators instead of cows.
A. money reserve B. booking reservation
C. a protected area D. an emergency fund
11. This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale.
A. dirtB. contamination C. protection D. damage
12. I don't know how it's possible for a person to disappear without trace.
A. vanishB. damageC. polluteD. destroye
13.Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country?
A. destruction B. contamination C. fertilizer D. variety
14.Most of the old part of the city was destroyed by bombs during the war.
A. changed B. increasedC. installedD. damaged
15. New particles are formed in the polluted air of major cities.
A. contaminatedB. disappearedC. purifiedD. endangered
16. An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane.
A. dealt with B. hidden C. taken place D. checked in
17. When resources become depleted the base camp is moved to a new location, enabling the group to exploit a new foraging territory.
A. enlarged B. exhausted C. increased D. expanded
18. Our communication environment has changed drastically in the last 10 years.
A. extremelyB. slightlyC. moderatelyD. completely
19. In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb heat.
A. come upB. take inC. drop byD. take up
20. They pulled down the warehouse to build a new supermarket.
A. renovatedB. purchased
C. maintainedD. demolished
Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.
A. remain alive B. persist
C. get through D. lose their lives
2. Certain chemicals have been banned because they are damaging the environment.
A. prohibitedB. destructed C. devastated D. hunted
3. There are severe penalties for failing to declare all your income to the Inland Revenue.
A. alarming B. grave C. dreadful D. mild
4. There is abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the environment.
A. plentiful B. lavish C. bountiful D. scarce
5. All visitors are kept out of the conservation area.
A. prevented from entering B. prevented from destroying
C. allowed to enter D. allowed to take photos
6. It is predicted that the natural resources will run out by the end of the century.
A. come in B. run short C. run away D. remain intact
7. It is urgent that these governments work out a solution to the problem that they are all facing.
A. keep secret B. find C. share D. arrive at
8. In order to protect endangered species, it is important that all people join in.
A. participate B. leave C. take part D. enjoy
9. Many people decided to give up eating meat and become vegetarians.
A. cut up B. put up C. continue D. use up
10. Let's clear up this rubbish and put it in the bin.
A. mess up B. clear away C. tidy D. clean off
11. These audio-visual methods have the added advantage of being independent of the availability of the system.
A. benefit B. drawback C. characteristic D. danger
12.Releasing too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere can lead to global warming.
A. eventuate in B. result from C. take off D. take in
13.The delays in the schedule proved very costly.
A. cheap B. inexpensive
C. infiniteD. Both A and B are correct
14. We should grow more trees so that they can absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
A. emit B. affectC. consume D. improve
15. The factory was fined for having dumped a huge amount of rubbish in to the river.
A. penalized B. levied C. compensated D. punished
16. The cancer treatment has some unfortunate side effects.
A. deadly B. disastrous C. lucky D. bad
17. These virus infections display obvious visual symptoms.
A. clearB. visibleC. ambiguousD. apparent
18. The typhoon devastated a large section of the east coast.
A. builtB. demolishC. destroyD. wreck
19. Climate change will severely affect many countries in coming decades.
A. heavilyB. dangerously C. badlyD. mildly
20 They have made maximum use of the natural resources available.
A. highB. minimumC. averageD. top
Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
1. _______ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and how they interact with their environment
A. Biology B. Biological
C. Biologist D. Biologically
2. A/ an ________ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
A. dangerous B. endanger
C. endangered D. endangerment
3. Besides, several programmes should be ______ that spreads the world of the conservation of the elephants in the public.
A. told B. used
C. operated D. introduced
4. Cheetah's tail is _______ during fast running, because it balances the animal and allows fast and sudden turns which happen often when the prey tries to escape.
A. essential B. basic
C. adequate D. sufficient
5. People should be told about the things that threaten the safety of ______ so that they can avoid doing them.
A. the wild B. wildness
C. wild life D. wildlife
6. We need to preserve the ________ of wildlife because each species has an important role to play.
A. diversity B. atmosphere
C. population D. nuclear
7. The energy __________ by the windmill drives all the drainage pumps.
A. that is producingB. which produces
C. producingD. produced
8. Coal burning ________ a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A. decreasesB. reduces
C. relaxes D. releases
9. Methane is a far more active ________ than carbon dioxide, but also one which is much less abundant in the atmosphere.
A. greenhouse damage B. danger area
C. greenhouse gas D. greenhouse effect
10. The local authorities were blamed ______ignored the pollution issues in the area
A. About having B. on having
C. for having D. before having
11. Toxic waste is an example of a ___________.
A. pollutant B. polluted
C. pollution D. unpolluted
12. The saola is also indirectly threatened by insufficient ____ to and investment in its conservation.
A. interest B. attention
C. care D. treatment
13. Loss of habitat and increased commercial hunt ________ the number of chimpanzees from 2 million to 300,000 individuals.
A. reduced B. lessened
C. weakened D. limited
14. The world's biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, which makes wildlife _______.
A. prosperous B. prefect
C. vulnerable D. remained
15. It’s important for the developed countries to reduce energy __________ as much as possible.
A. exhaustionB. destruction
C. consumptionD. waste
16. _______ is the protection of environment and natural resources.
A. Survival B. Commerce
C. Conservation D. Extinction
17. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal _______.
A. protect B. protectionC. protective D. protector
18. Probability of extinction depends _______ both the population size and fine details of the population demography.
A. on B. in C. from D. for
19. Many modern medicines are derived _________ plants and animals.
A. on B. for C. from D. in
20. Toxic chemicals from factories are one of the serious factors that leads wildlife to the ________ of extinction.
A. wall B. fence C. verge D. bridge
21. Saving _________ species from becoming extinct is crucial for our health and the future of our children.
A. dangerous B. endanger
C. endangering D. endangered
22. Our sources of energy will soon be __________ if we don't save them.
A. exhaustB. exhausted
C. exhaustedlyD. exhaustion
23. They started a campaign to ___________ smoking among teenagers.
A. encourageB. decrease
C. discourageD. prohibit
24. People are destroying the environment by adding ___________to it.
A. pollutesB. pollutions
C. pollutingD. pollutants
25. It is high time we had to ________ some measures to protect endangered animals.
A. take B. bring C. hold D. use
26. Many ________ groups now support putting a value on ecosystems.
A. conserve B. conservative
C. conservationD. conservatism
27.15,589 species (7,266 animal species and 8,323 plant species) are now considered ______ risk ______ extinction.
A. at / of B. on / in
C. for / with D. in / at
28. Internationally, 189 countries have signed ________ accord agreeing to create Biodiversity Action Plans to protect endangered and other threatened species.
A. а B. an
C. the D. Ø
29. The giant panda's natural ________ is the bamboo forest. Giant pandas like to eat bamboo leaves.
A. habitatB. conservation C. evolutionD. biodiversity
30. Clearing forests for timber has led ________ the loss of biodiversity
A. with B. at C. toD. for
31. Many species are now ________ danger of being extinct as a result of deforestation and habitat loss.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
32. The rainforests around the world are ________ threat of deforestation.
A. in B. by C. under D. on
33. To solve the problems of pollution, it is important to identify the ________ of it.
A. reasons B. purpose C. causes D. facts
("cause(s)” mang nghĩa “nguyên nhân, tác nhân”)
34. The rivers in the local area are heavily polluted _______ wastes released from nearby factories.
A. from B. with C. of D. in
35. Animal _______ are being destroyed by human activities.
A. places B. habitats
C. shelter D. accommodation
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME
We are probably all guilty at some point in our lives of not caring for the environment as much as we should. Perhaps we drop litter without thinking, or cause (1) ________ by using our cars when it’s not necessary. However, the real environmental (2)_________ are those big businesses which ignore the law. For many years now, (3) __________have attempted to protect the environment by making businesses responsible for making sure that the chemical they use don’t add to the (4) __________of the environment. The problem for businesses is that the (5) __________of the environment costs money, and businesses will always try tolower their costs if they can
|
1. A. damage |
B. pollution |
C. accidents |
D. trouble |
|
2. A. agents |
B. crimes |
C. criminals |
D. doers |
|
3. A. politicians |
B. politics |
C. parties |
D. residents |
|
4. A. induction |
B. construction |
C. instruction |
D. destruction |
|
5. A. production |
B. protection |
C. destruction |
D. deforestation |
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
When the word "endangered" is mentioned, people usually think of particular species, like the panda or whooping crane. However, we would like to encourage you to think about (1) ____ in a broader context. It is habitats, the physical places (2) ____ species live and interact with one another. Although the development of special breeding programs, also known as captive conservation, may help some species in some cases, it is clearly not (3) ____ answer to the global problem. Indeed, (4) ____ we are able to protect natural areas where endangered species actually live, they have no future.
Species become endangered for a wide (5) ____ of reasons. By analyzing and grouping many individual cases, however, we find the same broad causes appearing again and again. They are Habitat Destruction, Exotic. Species, and Overexploitation. Among other factors threatening particular species are limited: distribution, disease, and pollution.
1. A. development B. endangermentC. pollution D. contamination
2. A. thatB. whose C. whereD. which
3. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø
4. A. so B. but C. if D. unless
5. A. variety B. commerce C. extinction D. destruction
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